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Our species long lived on the edge of starvation. Now we produce enough food for all 7 billion of us to eat nearly 3,000 calories every day. This is such an astonishing thing in the history of life as to verge on the miraculous. "The Big Ratchet" is the story of how it happened, of the ratchetsthe technologies and innovations, big and smallthat propelled our species from hunters and gatherers on the savannahs of Africa to shoppers in the aisles of the supermarket.
The Big Ratchet itself came in the twentieth century, when a range of technologiesfrom fossil fuels to scientific plant breeding to nitrogen fertilizerscombined to nearly quadruple our population in a century, and to grow our food supply even faster. To some, these technologies are a sign of our greatness; to others, of our hubris. MacArthur fellow and Columbia University professor Ruth DeFries argues that the debate is the wrong one to have. Limits do exist, but every limit that has confronted us, we have surpassed. That cycle of crisis and growth is the story of our history; indeed, it is the essence of "The Big Ratchet." Understanding it will reveal not just how we reached this point in our history, but how we might survive it.
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- Sales Rank: #802567 in Books
- Published on: 2014-09-09
- Released on: 2014-09-09
- Original language: English
- Number of items: 1
- Dimensions: 9.50" h x 1.13" w x 6.50" l, .0 pounds
- Binding: Hardcover
- 288 pages
Review
"Forget farm to table; this history shows that the food on your plate has a history stretching back to the dawn of the species."
--Emma Marris, author of "Rambunctious Garden"
"An admirable history of human ingenuity that does not claim it will overcome such looming crises as overpopulation and global warming."
--"Kirkus Reviews"
"DeFries places her faith in human creativity as a primary means to our survival, an appealing point of view for the hopeful but concerned reader."
--"PublishersWeekly"
"Timely... Clearly demonstrates the role of science in converting calamities into opportunities. "The Big Ratchet" provides a message of hope in the midst of the sea of despair we see in the areas of sustainable development and environmental protection. Ruth DeFries has rendered an invaluable service."
--M. S. Swaminathan, Founder and Chairman, M. S. Swaminathan Research Foundation
"A page turner and an eye opener, clearly written and well told. If you are alive today, especially if you live in a city, this is the story of how you got here and why you eat what you eat. Defries deftly guides us through our species' unending quest to squeeze more food out of the earth, introducing us along the way to buffalo bone pickers, ancient plant breeders, guano wars, the extinction of the Rocky Mountain Locust, medieval human poop tradesmen, Arctic "doomsday" seed vaults and the Nobel Prizes awarded to the inventors of DDT and trans fats. A fascinating history of human innovation."
--Emma Marris, author of "Rambunctious Garden"
"Is there a tale more astonishing and improbable than the human story? Lurching between triumph and catastrophe, humankind has transformed itself from a run-of-the-mill forager on the African savanna into a species that dominates every corner of the planet. Now, as our numbers surpass 7 billion, Ruth DeFries shows how our remarkable past can serve as a guide to thinking about our uncertain future. Neither a hymn to optimism nor an invocation of catastrophe, "The Big Ratchet" is an essential account of how we got to be where we are."
--Charles C. Mann, author of "1491"
"DeFries unpicks the historical patterns to parse the uneasy equation of people and food -- our most powerful link with nature."
--"Nature"
"At its heart, "The Big Ratchet" is a food book, deserving a place on the shelf alongside work by the likes of Michael Pollan, Mark Bittman, and Marion Nestle that criticize our modern system of industrial agriculture."
--"Johns Hopkins Magazine"
"An admirable history of human ingenuity that does not claim it will overcome such looming crises as overpopulation and global warming."
--"Kirkus Reviews"
"DeFries places her faith in human creativity as a primary means to our survival, an appealing point of view for the hopeful but concerned reader."
--"PublishersWeekly"
"Timely... Clearly demonstrates the role of science in converting calamities into opportunities. "The Big Ratchet" provides a message of hope in the midst of the sea of despair we see in the areas of sustainable development and environmental protection. Ruth DeFries has rendered an invaluable service."
--M. S. Swaminathan, Founder and Chairman, M. S. Swaminathan Research Foundation
"A page turner and an eye opener, clearly written and well told. If you are alive today, especially if you live in a city, this is the story of how you got here and why you eat what you eat. Defries deftly guides us through our species' unending quest to squeeze more food out of the earth, introducing us along the way to buffalo bone pickers, ancient plant breeders, guano wars, the extinction of the Rocky Mountain Locust, medieval human poop tradesmen, Arctic "doomsday" seed vaults and the Nobel Prizes awarded to the inventors of DDT and trans fats. A fascinating history of human innovation."
--Emma Marris, author of "Rambunctious Garden"
"Is there a tale more astonishing and improbable than the human story? Lurching between triumph and catastrophe, humankind has transformed itself from a run-of-the-mill forager on the African savanna into a species that dominates every corner of the planet. Now, as our numbers surpass 7 billion, Ruth DeFries shows how our remarkable past can serve as a guide to thinking about our uncertain future. Neither a hymn to optimism nor an invocation of catastrophe, "The Big Ratchet" is an essential account of how we got to be where we are."
--Charles C. Mann, author of "1491"
"Engaging and optimistic." --"The Wall Street Journal"
"DeFries unpicks the historical patterns to parse the uneasy equation of people and food -- our most powerful link with nature."
--"Nature"
"At its heart, "The Big Ratchet" is a food book, deserving a place on the shelf alongside work by the likes of Michael Pollan, Mark Bittman, and Marion Nestle that criticize our modern system of industrial agriculture."
--"Johns Hopkins Magazine"
"An admirable history of human ingenuity that does not claim it will overcome such looming crises as overpopulation and global warming."
--"Kirkus Reviews"
"DeFries places her faith in human creativity as a primary means to our survival, an appealing point of view for the hopeful but concerned reader."
--"PublishersWeekly"
"Timely... Clearly demonstrates the role of science in converting calamities into opportunities. "The Big Ratchet" provides a message of hope in the midst of the sea of despair we see in the areas of sustainable development and environmental protection. Ruth DeFries has rendered an invaluable service."
--M. S. Swaminathan, Founder and Chairman, M. S. Swaminathan Research Foundation
"A page turner and an eye opener, clearly written and well told. If you are alive today, especially if you live in a city, this is the story of how you got here and why you eat what you eat. Defries deftly guides us through our species' unending quest to squeeze more food out of the earth, introducing us along the way to buffalo bone pickers, ancient plant breeders, guano wars, the extinction of the Rocky Mountain Locust, medieval human poop tradesmen, Arctic "doomsday" seed vaults and the Nobel Prizes awarded to the inventors of DDT and trans fats. A fascinating history of human innovation."
--Emma Marris, author of "Rambunctious Garden"
"Is there a tale more astonishing and improbable than the human story? Lurching between triumph and catastrophe, humankind has transformed itself from a run-of-the-mill forager on the African savanna into a species that dominates every corner of the planet. Now, as our numbers surpass 7 billion, Ruth DeFries shows how our remarkable past can serve as a guide to thinking about our uncertain future. Neither a hymn to optimism nor an invocation of catastrophe, "The Big Ratchet" is an essential account of how we got to be where we are."
--Charles C. Mann, author of "1491"
"[The Big Ratchet] survey[s] the technological innovations that transformed humans from nomadic hunter-gatherers threatened with starvation into farmers and then into urban-dwelling specialists whose sustenance is usually produced far away by a relative few.... DeFries sums up the cycle in the pithy catchphrase 'ratchet, hatchet, pivot.'"
--"Science News"
PRAISE FOR "THE BIG RATCHET"
"[A] lucid and intelligent book.... There is something satisfyingly stark and elemental about DeFries' focus on food, which, she notes, is 'our most fundamental connection with nature'."--"Financial Times"
"Engaging and optimistic." --"Wall Street Journal"
"DeFries unpicks the historical patterns to parse the uneasy equation of people and food -- our most powerful link with nature."
--"Nature"
"At its heart, "The Big Ratchet" is a food book, deserving a place on the shelf alongside work by the likes of Michael Pollan, Mark Bittman, and Marion Nestle that criticize our modern system of industrial agriculture."
--"Johns Hopkins Magazine"
""The Big Ratchet" is a well-researched and highly readable account of how we came to be a 'world dominating urban species', and the opportunities and threats we will face in feeding a world of 9 billion people with only a small minority living in rural areas. For those who have deep concerns about our ability to meet future food needs, this book provides at least some reassurance that we have done it before."
--"Nature Geoscience"
"["The Big Ratchet"] is a fast-moving and information-packed history of human appetites... DeFries does environmentalism a favor by presenting this history as a dialectic that never ends."
--"Orion"
"[A]n interesting and timely thesis.... This is an environmental history, chockablock with examples from the past that might guide us in the future."
--"Toronto Star" (Canada)
"[E]ye-opening and eminently readable."
--"Columbia College Today"
"Ruth DeFries has written a brilliant book that starts with the origin of Earth and life on our planet, and goes through thousands of years of ecological history and one natural crisis after another... DeFries has a nuanced and sophisticated view of human history... ["The Big Ratchet"] is a beautifully written book that is unique in combining wisdom, scientific discovery, and story-telling."
--"Cool Green Science"
"[A] fair, thorough look at how modern agriculture changed the world."
--"getAbstract"
"An admirable history of human ingenuity that does not claim it will overcome such looming crises as overpopulation and global warming."
--"Kirkus Reviews"
"DeFries places her faith in human creativity as a primary means to our survival, an appealing point of view for the hopeful but concerned reader."
--"PublishersWeekly"
"Timely... Clearly demonstrates the role of science in converting calamities into opportunities. "The Big Ratchet" provides a message of hope in the midst of the sea of despair we see in the areas of sustainable development and environmental protection. Ruth DeFries has rendered an invaluable service."
--M. S. Swaminathan, Founder and Chairman, M. S. Swaminathan Research Foundation
"A page turner and an eye opener, clearly written and well told. If you are alive today, especially if you live in a city, this is the story of how you got here and why you eat what you eat. Defries deftly guides us through our species' unending quest to squeeze more food out of the earth, introducing us along the way to buffalo bone pickers, ancient plant breeders, guano wars, the extinction of the Rocky Mountain Locust, medieval human poop tradesmen, Arctic "doomsday" seed vaults and the Nobel Prizes awarded to the inventors of DDT and trans fats. A fascinating history of human innovation."
--Emma Marris, author of "Rambunctious Garden"
"Is there a tale more astonishing and improbable than the human story? Lurching between triumph and catastrophe, humankind has transformed itself from a run-of-the-mill forager on the African savanna into a species that dominates every corner of the planet. Now, as our numbers surpass 7 billion, Ruth DeFries shows how our remarkable past can serve as a guide to thinking about our uncertain future. Neither a hymn to optimism nor an invocation of catastrophe, "The Big Ratchet" is an essential account of how we got to be where we are."
--Charles C. Mann, author of "1491"
"[The Big Ratchet] survey[s] the technological innovations that transformed humans from nomadic hunter-gatherers threatened with starvation into farmers and then into urban-dwelling specialists whose sustenance is usually produced far away by a relative few.... DeFries sums up the cycle in the pithy catchphrase 'ratchet, hatchet, pivot.'"
--"Science News"
PRAISE FOR "THE BIG RATCHET"
[A] lucid and intelligent book.... There is something satisfyingly stark and elemental about DeFries focus on food, which, she notes, is our most fundamental connection with nature . "Financial Times"
"Engaging and optimistic." "Wall Street Journal"
DeFries unpicks the historical patterns to parse the uneasy equation of people and food our most powerful link with nature.
"Nature"
At its heart, "The Big Ratchet" is a food book, deserving a place on the shelf alongside work by the likes of Michael Pollan, Mark Bittman, and Marion Nestle that criticize our modern system of industrial agriculture.
"Johns Hopkins Magazine"
"The Big Ratchet" is a well-researched and highly readable account of how we came to be a world dominating urban species, and the opportunities and threats we will face in feeding a world of 9 billion people with only a small minority living in rural areas. For those who have deep concerns about our ability to meet future food needs, this book provides at least some reassurance that we have done it before.
"Nature Geoscience"
["The Big Ratchet"] is a fast-moving and information-packed history of human appetites DeFries does environmentalism a favor by presenting this history as a dialectic that never ends.
"Orion"
[A]n interesting and timely thesis.... This is an environmental history, chockablock with examples from the past that might guide us in the future.
"Toronto Star" (Canada)
[E]ye-opening and eminently readable.
"Columbia College Today"
Ruth DeFries has written a brilliant book that starts with the origin of Earth and life on our planet, and goes through thousands of years of ecological history and one natural crisis after another DeFries has a nuanced and sophisticated view of human history ["The Big Ratchet"] is a beautifully written book that is unique in combining wisdom, scientific discovery, and story-telling.
"Cool Green Science"
[A] fair, thorough look at how modern agriculture changed the world.
"getAbstract"
An admirable history of human ingenuity that does not claim it will overcome such looming crises as overpopulation and global warming.
"Kirkus Reviews"
DeFries places her faith in human creativity as a primary means to our survival, an appealing point of view for the hopeful but concerned reader.
"PublishersWeekly"
"Timely... Clearly demonstrates the role of science in converting calamities into opportunities. "The Big Ratchet" provides a message of hope in the midst of the sea of despair we see in the areas of sustainable development and environmental protection. Ruth DeFries has rendered an invaluable service.
--M. S. Swaminathan, Founder and Chairman, M. S. Swaminathan Research Foundation
A page turner and an eye opener, clearly written and well told. If you are alive today, especially if you live in a city, this is the story of how you got here and why you eat what you eat. Defries deftly guides us through our species' unending quest to squeeze more food out of the earth, introducing us along the way to buffalo bone pickers, ancient plant breeders, guano wars, the extinction of the Rocky Mountain Locust, medieval human poop tradesmen, Arctic "doomsday" seed vaults and the Nobel Prizes awarded to the inventors of DDT and trans fats. A fascinating history of human innovation.
--Emma Marris, author of "Rambunctious Garden"
Is there a tale more astonishing and improbable than the human story? Lurching between triumph and catastrophe, humankind has transformed itself from a run-of-the-mill forager on the African savanna into a species that dominates every corner of the planet. Now, as our numbers surpass 7 billion, Ruth DeFries shows how our remarkable past can serve as a guide to thinking about our uncertain future. Neither a hymn to optimism nor an invocation of catastrophe, "The Big Ratchet" is an essential account of how we got to be where we are.
Charles C. Mann, author of "1491"
[The Big Ratchet] survey[s] the technological innovations that transformed humans from nomadic hunter-gatherers threatened with starvation into farmers and then into urban-dwelling specialists whose sustenance is usually produced far away by a relative few.... DeFries sums up the cycle in the pithy catchphrase ratchet, hatchet, pivot.
"Science News"
"
About the Author
Ruth DeFries is Denning Family Professor of Sustainable Development and Chair of the Department of Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Biology at Columbia University. A recipient of the MacArthur "Genius" Fellowship, she lives in New York City.
Most helpful customer reviews
0 of 0 people found the following review helpful.
Fantastic book on how humans and the environment have interacted ...
By Amazon Customer
Fantastic book on how humans and the environment have interacted through history. DeFries description of the "Hatchet / Ratchet" cycle was incredibly interesting. Humans are constantly altering the world around us to better suit our needs and we are more often than not faced with the consequences that come with such alterations to the natural world. DeFries goes in depth on how our technological advances have allowed populations to thrive and have consequently also led to some of our worst downfalls. The author also demonstrates how the decisions of those in the past has led to many of the issues that plague or world today such as the great divide between those with too much and those with barely enough to survive. A great read for anyone interested on the human impact and sustainability.
4 of 4 people found the following review helpful.
Highly recommended for its readability and its fascinating story
By TAMAR LIEBERMAN
THE BIG RACHET is a fascinating story of how civilization has creatively met the challenges of life from the earliest times up to the present. Ruth DeFries uses food production as the example of human innovation. The book is extremely well written in laymen language so that it is completely accessible.
Highly recommended for its positive outlook on where we are today and how we can go forward in terms of human perseverance and ability to solve its problems.
0 of 0 people found the following review helpful.
Course reading, loved it
By Siarah
I was assigned this book as a reading for a course, and I actually loved it. It was easy to read and really walked you through the history of humanity's interactions with nature, in the context of an interesting frame work of ratchets and hatchets. The beginning was slow, but she really hit her stride and drew me into the story by the middle of the book to the point it felt I was no longer doing an assigned reading, but was truly reading for fun. I would recommend this book to anyone looking to improve their understanding of how we have innovated a way for the planet to support the population it does, and the potential challenges we will come to face as population continues to grow.
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